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Last edited on November 02, 2026. View history

devil's ear lettuce Devil's Ear Lettuce

Lactuca sativa
Also known as Devil's bit (EN)

A variety of lettuce

How to sow devil's ear lettuce: Direct seed outdoors, thin to 20cm when seedlings are 3cm tall

Sun requirement for devil's ear lettuce: Plant in Partial Sun

A small hearting lettuce with red outside pointy leaves and a green heart. Outstanding, hardy and easy to grow, and stands well in heat. Sow in trays in spring and autumn, or in summer under shade, prick out at 2.5 cm and transplant at 3.5 cm high at 20 cm diagonal spacing. From Northland.

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Devil's ear lettuce facts

Lifespan

Annual living and reproducing in a single year or less
Optimal temperature 12–21 °C
Absolute temperature 5–30 °C
FAO EcoCrop
Optimal rainfall 1100–1400 mm/year
Absolute rainfall 900–4100 mm/year
FAO EcoCrop
Optimal soil pH 6–7
Absolute soil pH 4.2–7.5
FAO EcoCrop

Crop cycle

35–85 days
FAO EcoCrop

Max altitude

3000 m
FAO EcoCrop

Optimal light

clear skies
FAO EcoCrop
What are growing degree days?

A plant grows with warmth, not with days. A growing degree day is one day's worth of useful warmth: how many degrees the day's average temperature is above the lowest temperature the crop grows at. Add them up from planting and you know how far along the crop is, whatever the calendar says.

Say that lowest temperature is 10°C. A day averaging 17°C gives 7 growing degree days. A day averaging 8°C gives none, as it is too cold for the crop to grow. That is why the same lettuce takes about 50 days in a summer and 90 in an autumn: it needs the same total warmth either way.

For devil's ear lettuce, the FAO EcoCrop database gives a lowest growing temperature of 5°C and a shortest growing cycle of 35 days at its best temperature, about 403 growing degree days to a first harvest.

Where you've told us where your garden is, we use this and the weather there to predict when your devil's ear lettuce will be ready to harvest. We don't use it for how long a plant lives or when it finishes: we go by what members have logged for that.

Growing devil's ear lettuces

deterring pests

  1. place tilted jars of yeast+warm water (or beer) as slug traps at planting out every month

Growing lettuce

  1. Sow seeds in trays 3 weeks before planting out
  2. Dig compost into the bed 1 week before planting out
  3. Water regularly at planting out every week
  4. Weed around the seedlings 2 weeks after planting out
  5. Sow another batch for a continuous harvest 4 weeks after planting out every month
  6. Start picking the outer leaves at first harvest
  7. Pull out plants that have bolted 6 weeks after first harvest

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Time to harvest

If sown now, expect a first harvest in about 35 to 85 days.

From the growing cycle in the FAO EcoCrop database, which is the same wherever it is grown.

Ecological requirements

Data from the FAO EcoCrop database for Lactuca sativa var. capitata L.

Family / Taxonomy Magnoliopsida
Asteridae
Asterales
Compositae
Killing temperature growth: 0 °C, rest: -1 °C
Life form herb
Life span annual, biennial
Habit acaulescent (or rosette plants)
Optimal soil depth shallow (20-50 cm)
Optimal soil texture medium, light
Optimal soil fertility moderate
Optimal soil drainage well (dry spells)
Optimal soil salinity low (<4 dS/m)
Photoperiod short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours)

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