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Last edited on February 03, 2024. View history

taro Taro

How to sow taro: Direct seed tubers outdoors

Sun requirement for taro: Plant in Partial Sun

Taro is a perennial, tropical plant grown for its edible starchy corm (underground plant stem) and leaves. It's big green leaves and corm must be cooked before consumption, as they are toxic when raw. When grown as an ornamental, taro is known as "elephant ears." Taro is believed to have been one of the earliest cultivated plants and is a food staple in African, South Indian and Oceanic cultures. Taro comes in many varieties, from small to large and from white-fleshed to purple-flecked. It is commonly prepared like a potato, since it is starchy, but it has a nuttier, richer, and more complex taste.

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Taro facts

Lifespan

Annual living and reproducing in a single year or less

Height

120cm

Row Spacing

45cm
Optimal temperature 21–28 °C
Absolute temperature 10–35 °C
FAO EcoCrop
Optimal rainfall 1800–2700 mm/year
Absolute rainfall 1000–4100 mm/year
FAO EcoCrop
Optimal soil pH 5.5–6.5
Absolute soil pH 4.3–8.2
FAO EcoCrop

Crop cycle

180–300 days
FAO EcoCrop

Max altitude

2700 m
FAO EcoCrop

Optimal light

clear skies
FAO EcoCrop
What are growing degree days?

A plant grows with warmth, not with days. A growing degree day is one day's worth of useful warmth: how many degrees the day's average temperature is above the lowest temperature the crop grows at. Add them up from planting and you know how far along the crop is, whatever the calendar says.

Say that lowest temperature is 10°C. A day averaging 17°C gives 7 growing degree days. A day averaging 8°C gives none, as it is too cold for the crop to grow. That is why the same lettuce takes about 50 days in a summer and 90 in an autumn: it needs the same total warmth either way.

For taro, the FAO EcoCrop database gives a lowest growing temperature of 10°C and a shortest growing cycle of 180 days at its best temperature, about 2610 growing degree days to a first harvest.

Where you've told us where your garden is, we use this and the weather there to predict when your taro will be ready to harvest. We don't use it for how long a plant lives or when it finishes: we go by what members have logged for that.

Photos

Taro crops

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Taro harvests

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Time to harvest

If sown now, expect a first harvest in about 180 to 300 days.

From the growing cycle in the FAO EcoCrop database, which is the same wherever it is grown.

Ecological requirements

Data from the FAO EcoCrop database for Colocasia esculenta (L.)Schott

Family / Taxonomy Liliopsida
Arecidae
Arales
Araceae
Life form herb
Life span perennial
Habit erect
Optimal soil depth medium (50-150 cm)
Optimal soil texture medium, organic
Optimal soil fertility high
Optimal soil drainage poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells)
Optimal soil salinity low (<4 dS/m)
Photoperiod short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours)

Learn more about taro

Resources outside Growstuff.